Therefore, having relied upon an excellent protector, solidify your certainty about the way that all the scriptures are causal factors for one person to become a buddha.
【◎ 是故应当依善依怙，于其一切正言，皆是一数取趣，成佛支缘。所有道理，令起定解。】
LAM RIM CHEN MO 《菩提道次第广论》
然后呢进入大乘，虽然有很多经典，我们现在《华严》做代表，或者你们自己可以想，各式各样的经典上面都这么说。这个文殊菩萨一再开示善财童子，以及他善财童子不断地参访善知识，随处随地那个善知识也一再开示他，说：“你要成佛啊，要成就一切智智，总要依靠善知识。”那么这个详细的情况到后面说，到后面说。这个是我们修学佛法第一步。
善财来到那罗素国，打听毗目瞿沙，竞无一人知道。那罗素国那麽大，要找到其中一个不知住处的人，真如大海裡捞针，谈何容易。可是善财已经在休舍优婆夷处，学得与事物心心相应的法术，一心忆念毗目瞿沙，感得毗目瞿沙的相应。虽是东走西串，不知不觉渐渐与毗目瞿沙靠近。
晴朗的天空蓝得象海，太阳照射在行路人的身上，犹如热火焚烧。善财走了半天，汗流浃背，口乾舌燥，难以煎熬，在一棵大树下坐了歇气，神志疲劳，昏昏欲睡。忽然被一道声音把他惊醒。原来是一老者，挑了一担安摩罗果叫卖。善财买了一个，还未入口感到清香扑鼻。放入口中，甜嫩适口，与原来吃过的味道高出几倍，便问道：“你这果子是怎麽种的，如此味美？”
老者道：“这是有名的种果仙人毗目瞿沙种的，你能够吃到他的安摩罗果，真算是有福气！” 善财听了好不欢喜，急忙问道：“毗目瞿沙住在哪裡？” 老者道：“向东行十裡，再往南走三裡，看到一片大树林的果园便是。”
善财此时不知热，也不怕累，急忙起身往东行了一阵，在一个岔路口往南拐。又行了一阵，仍不见树林。一问，才知自己心急，分早了路。再回头走了几裡路，在另一个三岔路口往南行。走不多时，前面就是树林丛丛。直奔林内，阵阵果香使人陶醉。看树林：枝枝相盖，叶叶常青；看树上：挂满红、绿、黄、橙各色鲜果，真令人口馋。善财在林中转来转去，不见一个人影。善财感到奇怪，这麽好的果园无人看管，也不怕别人偷吃，也许仙人神通广大，无人敢冒失。
忽听得树林深处有人语声。善财寻声走去，树下宝座之上坐著一人，身穿青便衣，头戴青色方巾，美髯长鬓，仙风道骨，和蔼可亲。善财挤在人群中，听了一阵。讲的都是果树育苗、栽培、嫁接、果树整枝等各项技艺。
善财即上前施礼道：“圣者仙翁，我已发菩提心，利乐有情造福人间，但不知如何行？前来参拜，望圣者慈悲教诲。”仙人一看对众人说：“这童子并非常人，年幼志气高，人小愿力大，早发菩提心，将必成正果也。”说完继续讲各种果树的特性，说得津津有味，并不理会善财。善财具有求善知识的好学热情，也不在乎，洗耳恭听善知识明师讲述。仙人对善财说：“善男子，你不远千里而来，我没有什麽传你。我一生只陶醉于果树生涯，人称我为仙人。因为吃了我的果子，能消除一百零八种烦恼，解脱八十八结使。不但身心清淨，而且善根增长。因为我一生因缘都在果树上。这是菩提妙因，结涅盘妙果。”
仙人随手摘了几个果子给善财道：“这果子只给你品尝，尝过了才知道妙用。我这一点也微不足道。造福人间的事，你到南方伊妙那聚落胜热婆罗门那裡去，他会告诉你如何行的。”
善财接过果子，正施礼作谢，忽然眼前一黑，什麽也看不见。当他清醒过来时，自己已在草地上，果园却不见了。只觉是一种幻觉感，又继续往南行。
尔时，善财童子随顺思惟菩萨正教，随顺思惟菩萨净行，生增长菩萨福力心，生明见一切诸佛心，生出生一切诸佛心，生增长一切大愿心，生普见十方诸法心，生明照诸法实性心，生普散一切障碍心，生观察法界无闇心，生清净意宝庄严心，生摧伏一切众魔心。
渐渐游行，至那罗素国，周遍推求毗目瞿沙。见一大林，阿僧祇树以为庄严，所谓：种种叶树扶疏布濩，种种华树开敷鲜荣，种种果树相续成熟，种种宝树雨摩尼果，大栴檀树处处行列，诸沉水树常出好香，悦意香树妙香庄严，波吒罗树四面围绕，尼拘律树其身耸擢，阎浮檀树常雨甘果，优钵罗华、波头摩华以严池沼。
时，善财童子见彼仙人在栴檀树下敷草而坐，领徒一万，或著鹿皮，或著树皮，或复编草以为衣服，髻环垂鬓，前后围绕。善财见已，往诣其所，五体投地，作如是言：「我今得遇真善知识。善知识者，则是趣向一切智门，令我得入真实道故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智乘，令我得至如来地故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智船，令我得至智宝洲故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智炬，令我得生十力光故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智道，令我得入涅槃城故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智灯，令我得见夷险道故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智桥，令我得度险恶处故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智盖，令我得生大慈凉故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智眼，令我得见法性门故；善知识者，则是趣向一切智潮，令我满足大悲水故。」
作是语已，从地而起，绕无量匝，合掌前住，白言：「圣者！我已先发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心，而未知菩萨云何学菩萨行？云何修菩萨道？我闻圣者善能诱诲，愿为我说！」
时，毗目瞿沙顾其徒众，而作是言：「善男子！此童子已发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心。善男子！此童子普施一切众生无畏，此童子普兴一切众生利益，此童子常观一切诸佛智海，此童子欲饮一切甘露法雨，此童子欲测一切广大法海，此童子欲令众生住智海中，此童子欲普发起广大悲云，此童子欲普雨于广大法雨，此童子欲以智月普照世间，此童子欲灭世间烦恼毒热，此童子欲长含识一切善根。」
时，诸仙众闻是语已，各以种种上妙香华散善财上，投身作礼，围绕恭敬，作如是言：「今此童子，必当救护一切众生，必当除灭诸地狱苦，必当永断诸畜生道，必当转去阎罗王界，必当关闭诸难处门，必当乾竭诸爱欲海，必令众生永灭苦蕴，必当永破无明黑闇，必当永断贪爱系缚，必以福德大轮围山围绕世间，必以智慧大宝须弥显示世间，必当出现清净智日，必当开示善根法藏，必使世间明识险易。」
时，毗目瞿沙告群仙言：「善男子！若有能发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心，必当成就一切智道。此善男子已发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心，当净一切佛功德地。」
时，毗目瞿沙告善财童子言：「善男子！我得菩萨无胜幢解脱。」
善财白言：「圣者！无胜幢解脱境界云何？」
时，毗目仙人即申右手，摩善财顶，执善财手。即时，善财自见其身往十方十佛刹微尘数世界中，到十佛刹微尘数诸佛所，见彼佛刹及其众会、诸佛相好、种种庄严；亦闻彼佛随诸众生心之所乐而演说法，一文一句皆悉通达，各别受持无有杂乱；亦知彼佛以种种解净治诸愿；亦知彼佛以清净愿成就诸力；亦见彼佛随众生心所现色相；亦见彼佛大光明网，种种诸色清净圆满；亦知彼佛无碍智慧大光明力；又自见身于诸佛所，经一日夜或七日夜、半月、一月、一年、十年、百年、千年，或经亿年，或阿庾多亿年，或那由他亿年，或经半劫，或经一劫、百劫、千劫，或百千亿乃至不可说不可说佛刹微尘数劫。
尔时，善财童子为菩萨无胜幢解脱智光明照故，得毗卢遮那藏三昧光明；为无尽智解脱三昧光明照故，得普摄诸方陀罗尼光明；为金刚轮陀罗尼门光明照故，得极清净智慧心三昧光明；为普门庄严藏般若波罗蜜光明照故，得佛虚空藏轮三昧光明；为一切佛法轮三昧光明照故，得三世无尽智三昧光明。
时，彼仙人放善财手，善财童子即自见身还在本处。
时，彼仙人告善财言：「善男子！汝忆念耶？」
善财言：「唯！此是圣者善知识力。」
仙人言：
「善男子！我唯知此菩萨无胜幢解脱。如诸菩萨摩诃萨成就一切殊胜三昧，于一切时而得自在，于一念顷出生诸佛无量智慧，以佛智灯而为庄严普照世间，一念普入三世境界，分形遍往十方国土，智身普入一切法界，随众生心普现其前观其根行而为利益，放净光明甚可爱乐；而我云何能知能说彼功德行、彼殊胜愿、彼庄严刹、彼智境界、彼三昧所行、彼神通变化、彼解脱游戏、彼身相差别、彼音声清净、彼智慧光明？
「善男子！于此南方，有一聚落，名：伊沙那；有婆罗门，名曰：胜热。汝诣彼问：菩萨云何学菩萨行、修菩萨道？」
时，善财童子欢喜踊跃，顶礼其足，绕无数匝，殷勤瞻仰，辞退南行。
Bhishmottaranirghosha
Then Sudhana, his mind on the instruction of the enlightening being, his mind on the purification of the conduct of enlightening beings, his mind developing the power of virtue of enlightening beings, his mind lit by the energy of the vision of Buddha, with mental energy arising from receiving a treasury of teaching, his mental energy increased by the undertaking of great vows, all things apparent to his mind, his mind aware of the intrinsic essence of things, his mind free from all obstructions, his mind viewing the reality realm without obscurity, his pure will indestructible, his mind invulnerable and immune to the power of all demons, gradually made his way to Nalayur and sought out the seer Bhishmottaranirghosha.
At that time Bhishmottaranirghosha was sojourning in a retreat, a pleasant place with countless diverse trees and plants, shaded by the leaves of various trees, with flowering trees perpetually blooming in various colors and fruit trees perpetually bearing, the ground made of the finest jewel-fruits from various jewel trees, well distributed with great sandalwood trees, graced with fragrance constantly coming from pleasant aloes wood trees, adorned with trumpet-flower trees distributed in the four directions, with beautifully formed fig trees, with perpetually ripe fruits raining from rose apple trees, beautified by fresh water lilies and lotus blossoms.
Sudhana saw the seer Bhishmottaranirghosha wearing matted hair, sitting on a seat of bark, rags, fragrant grass, and antelope skin on a layer of straw in a hut built at the foot of a sandalwood tree, surrounded by ten thousand seers. Seeing Bhishmottaranirghosha, Sudhana went up to him, and thinking he had found a true spiritual benefactor, looking upon spiritual stage of all-knowledge, looking upon omniscience as coming from the guidance of spiritual benefactors because they lead to the jewel land of the knowledge of the ten powers, looking upon omniscience as illumined by the torch of spiritual benefactors because they produce the light of knowledge of the ten powers, looking upon spiritual benefactors as the path to omniscience leading unbroken to the city of omniscience, looking upon spiritual benefactors as lamps on the way to omniscience because they show the level and the uneven, looking upon spiritual benefactors as a bridge to omniscience because the peril of falling is eliminated, looking upon spiritual benefactors as parasols of omniscience because they produce coolness by the power of great love, looking upon spiritual benefactors as streams of omniscience because they give rise to great compassion, looking upon the satisfaction of the vision of omniscience as coming from spiritual benefactors because they illumine the principle of the inherent nature of phenomena, Sudhana paid his respects to the seer and said, “Noble one, I have set my mind on supreme perfect enlightenment, but I do not know how an enlightening being is to learn and carry out the practice of enlightening beings. I have heard you give enlightening beings instruction; please tell me how an enlightening being is to learn and carry out the practice of enlightening beings.”
The seer Bhishmottaranirghosha looked at the ten thousand people surrounding him and said, “This youth has set his mind on supreme perfect enlightenment and has invited all sentient beings to fearlessness. He is aiming for the welfare and happiness of all beings; he is facing the ocean of knowledge; he wants to spread the clouds of teaching of all buddhas; he wants to plunge into the ocean of all principles of the Teaching; he wants to live by the light of knowledge; he wants to bring the cloud of great compassion near; he wants to cause the rain of the great Teaching to shower; he wants to have the moon of great knowledge rise in the world and extinguish the burning of all afflictions; he wants happiness of all beings; he is facing the ocean of knowledge; he wants to spread the clouds of teaching of all buddhas; he wants to plunge into the ocean of all principles of the Teaching; he wants to live by the light of knowledge; he wants to bring the cloud of great compassion near; he wants to cause the rain of the great Teaching to shower; he wants to have the moon of great knowledge rise in the world and extinguish the burning of all afflictions; he wants to develop the roots of goodness of all sentient beings.”
Then those ten thousand people scattered beautiful fragrant flowers over Sudhana, bowed to him, and circled him in respect, and said, “This person will be a savior; he will extinguish all the hellish torments of all beings, he will stop all brutish ways, he will get rid of the ways of the underworld, he will shut the door of all conditions inopportune for enlightenment, he will evaporate the ocean of craving, he will sever the bonds of craving, he will remove the mass of suffering, he will dispel the darkness of ignorance, he will surround the world with mountains of virtue, he will reveal the mine of jewels of knowledge, he will cause the sun of knowledge to rise, he will clarify the eye of truth, he will show what is good and bad in the world.”
Then the seer Bhishmottaranirghosha said to those people, “Whoever aspires to supreme perfect enlightenment promotes the happiness of all sentient beings, carrying out the practice of enlightening beings, and will eventually attain omniscience. This youth has set his heart on supreme perfect enlightenment; he will fulfill the stage of complete buddhahood.” Then the seer said to Sudhana, “I have attained an enlightening liberation called ‘unsurpassed banner.’”
Sudhana said, “What is the scope of this liberation?”
Bhishmottaranirghosha stretched forth his right hand and rubbed Sudhana’s head, then took Sudhana by the right hand. At that moment Sudhana saw in the ten directions as many buddha-lands as atoms in ten hundred thousand buddha-lands, and in them he perceived himself at the feet of as many buddhas as atoms in ten hundred thousand buddha-lands. He also saw the innumerable features in the pure adornments of those buddha-lands, and he saw the various arrays of the oceans of audiences surrounding the buddhas therein. He also saw the radiant mass of the marks and embellishments of the buddhas’ bodies in the midst of the congregations. He also heard teaching from the buddhas without missing a single word, and he remembered the cycles of teachings of those buddhas in order without confusion, and he received the rain of those clouds of teaching as they showered on beings of various mentalities. He also entered the oceans of past vows of those buddhas, purified by zealous application of various kinds. He also entered oceans of past attainments of the buddhas, purified by oceans of various vows. He also saw the forms of buddhas manifested so as to please all sentient beings according to their mentalities. He also saw the nets of light rays of the buddhas, their various cool, pure halos. He also entered into those buddhas’ powers by following the light of unobstructed knowledge. He seemed to be with one buddha for a day and a night, with another for seven days and nights, another for a fortnight, another for a month, another for a year, another for a century, another for a millennium, another for a hundred millennia, another for a million years, another for a hundred million years, another for a billion years, another for a hundred billion years, another for a trillion years, another for half an eon, another for an eon, another for a hundred eons, another for a thousand eons, another for a hundred thousand eons, another for a million eons, another for a hundred million eons, another for a billion eons, another for a hundred billion eons, another for a trillion eons, up to untold, inexpressible numbers of eons, or as many eons as atoms in the continent, or as many eons as atoms in untold buddha-lands. Thus did he perceive himself with the buddhas, illumined by the light of knowledge of the liberation “unsurpassed banner,” imbued with the light of the concentration filled with sunlike radiance, reaching absorption in liberation of endless knowledge, imbued with the light of the mystic formulation of the structure of the universe, his mind illumined by the mystic formulation of the indestructible sphere, abiding in absorption in the realm of well-ordered bodies of knowledge, intent on the state of transcendent wisdom of the path of adornment of all planes, illumined by the light of concentration on the sphere containing the space of the enlightened, his mind illuminated by concentration on the circumference of the wheel of teaching of all buddhas, imbued with the light of absorption in the inexhaustible sphere of jewels of knowledge of past, present, and future.
Then the seer let go of Sudhana, who found himself once again standing before the seer Bhishmottaranirghosha. The seer said, “Do you remember?” Sudhana said, “I remember, noble one, by the empowerment of the spiritual benefactor.”
Bhishmottaranirghosha said, “I know this enlightening liberation known as the unsurpassed invincible banner, but how can I know the practice, or tell the virtues, or accurately express the excellence of vows, or know the structure of the lands, or plunge into the sphere of knowledge, or enter into the realm of concentration, or attain the mystic powers, or attain to the freedom of liberation, or take up the various physical manifestations, or reveal the purity of voice, or show the light of all creatures, who are masters of all wheels of time, who are skilled in achievement of the knowledge of the characteristics of buddhas, who are supernal manifestations of the incarnation of the buddhas, who have comprehended the knowledge of all objects of past, present, and future as of one characteristic, whose bodies are distributed throughout all worlds, who are embodiments of knowledge in which all realms of reality are revealed, who appear to all sentient beings according to their inclinations, who benefit sentient beings according to their ways of thought and action, who glow with a brightness that illumines everywhere, who have purified the sphere of pure, vast, radiant knowledge?
“Go south to a land called Ishana, where there lives a priest named Jayoshmayatana. Go ask him how an enlightening being is to learn and apply the practice of enlightening beings.”
Then Sudhana, pleased, uplifted, transported, overjoyed, happy, paid respects to the seer Bhishmottaranirghosha and departed, looking back at him again and again.
References 参考资料:
- 《华严经》 Avatamsaka Sūtra
- 善财童子五十三参原文、白话故事、图片 – 弘善佛教网
- The Flower Ornament Scripture A Translation Of The Avatamsaka Sutra By Thomas Cleary : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
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