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[善财童子五十三参][English] 第二十四回 拜婆施罗船师

第二十四回 拜婆施罗船师
第二十四回 拜婆施罗船师

Therefore, having relied upon an excellent protector, solidify your certainty about the way that all the scriptures are causal factors for one person to become a buddha.

【◎ 是故应当依善依怙,于其一切正言,皆是一数取趣,成佛支缘。所有道理,令起定解。】


然后呢进入大乘,虽然有很多经典,我们现在《华严》做代表,或者你们自己可以想,各式各样的经典上面都这么说。这个文殊菩萨一再开示善财童子,以及他善财童子不断地参访善知识,随处随地那个善知识也一再开示他,说:“你要成佛啊,要成就一切智智,总要依靠善知识。”那么这个详细的情况到后面说,到后面说。这个是我们修学佛法第一步。

LAM RIM CHEN MO 《菩提道次第广论》

  善财离开广大香国,馀香缕缕,盘旋鼻根,久久不散,盈盈香气,感其意识清新乐滋滋的,往楼阁城前进。然而,道路有高有低,有宽有窄,有曲有直,有险有夷。想到参访善知识者,寻求淨化世间,造福人间的成佛道路,也有高、低、宽、窄、曲、直、险、夷的不同遭遇。不经过这些,是不能够达到造福人间,更谈不上成佛了。

  善财询问楼阁城,根据众人指引的方向,没找到楼阁城。虽走到城下,还是没有看见楼阁城。问一个老者才知道船隻众多,聚会一处,船篷桅杆林立,俨然一座楼阁城市,故称之为“楼阁城”。此城为海行必经之处,并在此处交流众宝,互通资讯,故称之为楼阁城。

  善财在这集船众多的海边,看见一大群人聚集一处。善财往人群走去,见人群围著一个青年人,对大家讲说如海规则,入海要领。讲得津津有味,众人乐闻讚歎。善财拉著一位听众问道:“这讲话的是什麽人?”

  那人答道:“他是我们尊敬的婆施罗船师。”

  善财听说是婆施罗船师,走上前去到船师身边,恭恭敬敬的施礼道:“圣者,我已发菩提心,利乐有情造福人间,前来参拜圣者,愿慈悲教我。”

  船师欢喜地答道:“你来得正好!我正准备航海起行,缺一个助手。我看你有志气,有魄力,经得起大风大浪。”

  善财船师毫不犹豫,收为行船助手,好不高兴,答道:“蒙圣者不弃,感谢之极。”

  船师对众人说:“航海第一要有勇气;第二要知水性;第三要知方向;第四要知气候;第五要知星宿方位,最后还应该知道众宝所在地,就是要知道目的地的情况。”

  船师又说:“大海能容纳百川,包罗万象,有汹涌的波涛,狂暴的飓风,巨大的鲸鱼。还有暗礁,十分可怕。”

  海裡有无尽宝藏,一切珍珠、玛瑙、珊瑚、摩尼宝,都出在海内。要有巨大的勇气,坚强的毅力,站狂风,破巨浪,才能取得宝归。

  若不知珍宝所在,不知路径,不知船道暗礁,不知星宿方位,不知气候变化,不知水的深浅,不知水性咸淡。不知巨鲸出没时辰和游动方向,就达不到目的地。

  驾船的人,要有海洋的心胸,不为巨浪吓倒,不因暗礁巨鲸而畏退,朝著星宿指引的方向,计算行程,就能到那无穷无尽宝藏的岛屿,取回数不清的珍宝。

  善财上了船,船师把好舵,向太阳升起的方向驰去。中午顺风偏西,晚上背向北斗,侧风向南。经过若干日夜,受过数次暴风袭击,战过几群巨鲸摆浪,最后到达海岸。

  船师指著岸上一座城,对善财说:“那裡是可乐城,你去参拜无上胜长者,他会指引你造福人间的大行。”

  善财在穿上与婆施罗船师行程数日,经婆师罗的教诲,不但懂得,而且经历了修行道路,也就是乘船的道路,从烦恼之深渊,在苦海航行,最后到达菩提彼岸,全靠船师掌航。船师就是惠灯,没有智慧照明,盲修瞎炼是难成佛的!

  尔时,善财童子向楼阁城,观察道路。所谓:观道高卑,观道夷险,观道净秽,观道曲直。

  渐次游行,作是思惟:「我当亲近彼善知识。善知识者,是成就修行诸菩萨道因,是成就修行波罗蜜道因,是成就修行摄众生道因,是成就修行普入法界无障碍道因,是成就修行令一切众生除恶慧道因,是成就修行令一切众生离憍慢道因,是成就修行令一切众生灭烦恼道因,是成就修行令一切众生舍诸见道因,是成就修行令一切众生拔一切恶刺道因,是成就修行令一切众生至一切智城道因。何以故?于善知识处,得一切善法故;依善知识力,得一切智道故。善知识者,难见难遇。」如是思惟。

  渐次游行,既至彼城,见其船师在城门外海岸上住,百千商人及余无量大众围绕,说大海法,方便开示佛功德海。善财见已,往诣其所,顶礼其足,绕无量匝,于前合掌而作是言:「圣者!我已先发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心,而未知菩萨云何学菩萨行?云何修菩萨道?我闻圣者善能教诲,愿为我说!」

  船师告言:

  「善哉善哉!善男子!汝已能发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心,今复能问生大智因、断除一切生死苦因、往一切智大宝洲因、成就不坏摩诃衍因、远离二乘怖畏生死住诸寂静三昧旋因、乘大愿车遍一切处行菩萨行无有障碍清净道因、以菩萨行庄严一切无能坏智清净道因、普观一切十方诸法皆无障碍清净道因、速能趣入一切智海清净道因。「善男子!我在此城海岸路中,净修菩萨大悲幢行。善男子!我观阎浮提内贫穷众生,为饶益故,修诸苦行,随其所愿悉令满足。先以世物,充满其意;复施法财,令其欢喜,令修福行,令生智道,令增善根力,令起菩提心,令净菩提愿,令坚大悲力,令修能灭生死道,令生不厌生死行,令摄一切众生海,令修一切功德海,令照一切诸法海,令见一切诸佛海,令入一切智智海。善男子!我住于此,如是思惟,如是作意,如是利益一切众生。

  「善男子!我知海中一切宝洲、一切宝处、一切宝类、一切宝种。我知净一切宝、钻一切宝、出一切宝、作一切宝。我知一切宝器、一切宝用、一切宝境界、一切宝光明。我知一切龙宫处、一切夜叉宫处、一切部多宫处,皆善回避,免其诸难。亦善别知,漩澓浅深,波涛远近,水色好恶,种种不同。亦善别知,日月星宿运行度数,昼夜晨晡,晷漏延促。亦知其船铁木坚脆、机关涩滑,水之大小,风之逆顺;如是一切安危之相无不明了,可行则行,可止则止。善男子!我以成就如是智慧,常能利益一切众生。

  「善男子!我以好船运诸商众行安隐道,复为说法令其欢喜,引至宝州与诸珍宝咸使充足,然后将领还阎浮提。善男子!我将大船如是往来,未始令其一有损坏。若有众生得见我身、闻我法者,令其永不怖生死海,必得入于一切智海,必能消竭诸爱欲海,能以智光照三世海,能尽一切众生苦海,能净一切众生心海,速能严净一切刹海,普能往诣十方大海,普知一切众生根海,普了一切众生行海,普顺一切众生心海。

  「善男子!我唯得此大悲幢行;若有见我及以闻我、与我同住、忆念我者,皆悉不空。如诸菩萨摩诃萨,善能游涉生死大海,不染一切诸烦恼海,能舍一切诸妄见海,能观一切诸法性海,能以四摄摄众生海,已善安住一切智海,能灭一切众生著海,能平等住一切时海,能以神通度众生海,能以其时调众生海;而我云何能知能说彼功德行?

  「善男子!于此南方,有城名:可乐;中有长者,名:无上胜。汝诣彼问:菩萨云何学菩萨行、修菩萨道?」

  时,善财童子顶礼其足,绕无量匝,殷勤瞻仰,悲泣流泪,求善知识心无厌足,辞退而去。

Vaira

On the way to the city Kutagara, Sudhana observed where the road was variously low and high, even and uneven, dusty and dust-free, safe and perilous, impassable and unobstructed, crooked and straight. As he went along he thought, “My going to that spiritual benefactor will be a means of accomplishment of the path of enlightening beings, a means of accomplishment of the path of knowledge to assist sentient beings; it will be a means of accomplishment of the path of transcendence, a means of accomplishment of the path of knowledge to assist sentient beings.

 It will become a means of stopping all beings from falling into attachment and rejection, arrogance and servility; a means of turning all beings away from bad inclinations; a means of ridding all beings of the dust of afflictions; a means of removing the thorns and grit of wrong views from all sentient beings; a means of absorption in the unobstructed reality realm; a means of leading to the eternal citadel of omniscience. Why is that? Spiritual benefactors are mines of all that is good, sources of omniscience.”

 With these thoughts in mind, with a purpose rarely encountered, he made his way to Kutagara city looking for the mariner Vaira. When he got there, he saw the mariner surrounded by hundreds of thousands of merchants and hundreds of thousands of other people who wished to hear him talk, explaining to them the oceans of virtues of buddhas by talking about the ocean.

 Sudhana went up to Vaira, paid his respects, and said, “Noble one, I have set my mind on supreme perfect enlightenment, but I do not know how to learn and carry out the practice of enlightening beings. I hear that you give enlightening beings instruction, and I hope you will tell me how one is to learn and carry out the practice of enlightening beings.”

 Vaira said, “It is good that you aspire to supreme perfect enlightenment and ask about the means of attaining great knowledge, about the cause of the various miseries of the mundane whirl, about the means of arriving at the island of omniscience, about the means of producing the indestructible vehicle of universal salvation, about the means of attaining the path leading away from the danger of falling into the state of individual liberation, about the source of the path of knowledge of the way to attain all kinds of tranquil concentrations, about the source of the unobstructed path of the chariot of vows carrying the practice of enlightening beings which goes everywhere, about the means of development and purification of the path guided by the nature of enlightening practice adorned with all waves of energy, about the means of development and purification of the endless path facing all things, the means of development and purification of the path into the ocean of omniscience.

 “I live in this coastal metropolis of Kutagara, purifying enlightening practice characterized by great compassion. Observing those on this continent who are poor, I practice such spiritual exercises as will cause their wishes to be fulfilled: I will take care of their mundane needs, and I will satisfy them with spiritual enjoyments; I will teach them the way to accumulate virtue, I will foster knowledge in them, I will promote the growth of the power of roots of goodness, I will inspire them to seek enlightenment, I will purify their aspiration for enlightenment, I will firmly establish their power of great compassion, I will get them to extinguish the misery of the mundane whirl, I will firmly establish their power to act in the mundane world without tiring, and I will get them to care for all living beings. I will set them at the gate of entry into the ocean of virtue, I will produce in them the light of knowledge of the ocean of truths, I will turn them toward the ocean of all buddhas, and I will plunge them into the ocean of omniscience.

 “With these thoughts in mind I roam this city on the edge of the ocean. Thus committed to the welfare and happiness of the world, I know all the treasure islands in the ocean. I know all the deposits of precious substances, all the types of precious substances, and all the sources of precious substances. I know how to refine, bore out, extract, and produce all precious substances, and I know all precious vessels, tools, and objects, and the light of all precious substances. I know the abodes of all water spirits, the agitations of all water spirits, the abodes of all sprites, the agitations of all sprites, the abodes of all goblins, how to alleviate the danger of goblins, the abodes of all ghosts, and how to put an end to obstacles caused by ghosts. I know how to avoid all the whirlpools and billows, and I know the colors and depths of all the waters. I know the cycles of the sun, moon, stars, and planets, and the lengths of the days and nights. I know when to travel and when not to; I know when it is safe and when it is dangerous. I know the performance and soundness of the hull and rigging of ships. I know how to control and steer ships, I know how to catch the wind, I know where the winds rise from, I know how to direct the ship and how to turn it around, I know when to anchor and when to sail.

 “With this knowledge, always engaged in working for the benefit of beings, with a sturdy ship, safe, peaceful, without anxiety, I convey merchants to the treasure islands of their choice, pleasing them with spiritual conversation. Having enriched them with all kinds of jewels, I bring them back to this continent. And I have never lost a single ship. All who see me or hear my spiritual instruction are freed from all fears of sinking in the ocean of the mundane whirl; they become aware of the knowledge of how to go into the ocean of omniscience, they learn how to evaporate the ocean of craving, they are illumined with knowledge of the ocean of past, present, and future, they become capable of annihilating the ocean of suffering of all sentient beings, they undertake to clear the turn back from going throughout the ocean of all places, they penetrate the variety in the ocean of faculties of all sentient beings, they adapt to the ocean of actions of all sentient beings, and they appear in the ocean of the world intentionally according to the mental set.

 “I have attained this enlightening liberation which is characterized by great compassion and the sound of flowing water, and it is beneficial to see me, hear me, live with me, and remember my name; but how can I know the practice or tell of the virtues of the enlightening beings who traverse all the oceans of the mundane whirl, who are unaffected by the ocean of afflictions, who are free from the danger of being engulfed by the ocean of views, who travel the water of inherent nature of the ocean of all phenomena, who travel the ground of inherent nature of the ocean of all beings, who hold the net of means of salvation of all creatures from the oceans of the mundane, who abide in the ocean of omniscience, who pull all sentient beings out of the ocean of attachments, who remain continuously through the ocean of all times, who have true higher knowledge to perfect the ocean of all sentient beings, who do not miss the right occasions to guide the ocean of all sentient beings? “

 South of here is a city called Nandihara. An eminent man named Jayottama lives there. Go ask him how to learn and carry out the practice of enlightening beings.”

 Then Sudhana paid his respects and reluctantly left the mariner Vaira.


References 参考资料:​​
  1. 《华严经》 Avatamsaka Sūtra
  2. 善财童子五十三参原文、白话故事、图片 – 弘善佛教网
  3. The Flower Ornament Scripture A Translation Of The Avatamsaka Sutra By Thomas Cleary : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
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